Drug addiction and health impacts

Hi everyone my name is Saira and today i'm talking about Drug Addiction

Introduction to Drug Addiction

Drug addiction is considered as a chronic disease that is characterized by compulsive, and irrepressible, search of drugs and consumption despite harmful results and brain transfer, it can be durable and deadly. These changes in the brain can lead to the harmful behaviors in people who use drugs on a daily basis. Drug addiction is a considered as a deteriorating disease.It can be redefined as a return to drug use  after an attempt to stop. The path to drug addiction starts with the intended act of taking drugs. the individual’s ability to decide not to consume drug becomes bargaining. Seeking and taking the drug becomes habitual. This is largely due to the effects of long-term drug exposure on brain function. Addiction influences the parts of the brain that helps in reward and motivation, learning or memory, and control over the behavior. addiction is also believed to be the disease that impacts both the brain and behavior of a person.

Principles of the Effective Treatment

It is important to understand that addiction is a complex but treatable disease which affects brain function and behaviors. In 1970s, the following core principles should form the foundation of any effective treatment program:

• It should be made very clear that no single treatment is suitable for everyone.
• Individuals need  immediate access to treatment.
• Effective treatment helps to address all the needs of the patients, not just drug use.
• Long-term treatment of drug addicts can have serious consequences.
• Counselling and other behavioral therapies are methods of treatment.
• Medications are generally considered to be an important part of treatment, basically when they are associated with  behavioral therapy.
• Treatment plans need to be reviewed regularly and should be adapted to the changing needs of the patients. 
• It is important  that treatment also remove other potential mental disorders .
• Medical adjuvant detoxification is considered  the primary stage of treatment.
• Effective treatment doesn’t have to be voluntary .
• The use of any medication  during treatment requires constant  monitoring.
• Treatment programmers need to screen  patients for HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B and C, tuberculosis, and other infectious diseases.
• Patients should be taught about the steps they can take to reduce their risk.

Principles of drug uptake and distribution

The factors that explain the movement of drugs in the body are called Pharmacokinetics, includes localization bio-transformation, and drug release in consumption. A study that helps to understand the actions of the drugs and their impacts throughout various parts of the body is called pharma-codynamics. The drug must  be used and,distributed throughout the,body,before it can be effective. Drugs that are taken orally can be absorbed through the intestines at different rates, some are absorbed immediately, while others are absorbed more slowly. Even medicines used  immediately can be  arranged in manners,which slows down the degree of absorption and allow them to remain active for 12 hours or more . Medications do not ignore the problems of intravenous or intramuscular absorption, but quantitative calculations may be more important.

People respond differently to a similar drugs. Adult due to, reduced  kidney and liver function, may metabolize and  drugs can do  more slowly. Due to such factors, adults often need more medication than teenagers need.There are a few additional factors that can affect a person's reaction to drugs, nutrition or malnutrition, genetics, and the presence of other drugs in the body. Also the way the pain threshold varies from person to person, this is how the drugs reacts. Some people need more food of than-average while some are very delicate in terms of  drugs,they cannot tolerate the average doses, and they experience it immediately after the first dose.

The cost of  use in children and adults may vary between intestinal motility is uneven or gastric acidity is low. Drug distribution may vary from people to person, such as a low fat test and a relatively high body water ratio. Metabolic rates that affect pharmacology, are much higher in childhood. Children's drugs dosage is us are usually normally weighed  based on the surface area of the body. If there is a wide margin of safety for any drug, it may be given as a part of the adult dose based on age, but the great change in size among children are the same age complexes this calculation. Children are not considered as a small adults the drug consumption amounts may be quite variable than they are for grownups.

Problems Associated with Drug

The real eight problems attachments with the drugs addiction are:

Unnecessary drug therapy

This can happen  when the patient is placed on numerous medications for their condition and the drug is simply not needed.

Wrong drug

This can happen when a patient is given  medicine that does not treat the patient’s condition. For example,a heart medication to treat an infections.

Dose too low

This can happen  when the patient is given a medication that is effective enough for the benefit or therapeutic effects.

Dose too high

This can  happen when a patient is given a medicine that is too strong and has harmful effects or is simply not needed.

Adverse drug reaction

This can happen  when a patient  has an  allergic reaction to a particular medication.

Unsuitable adherence

This can happen  when a patient does not decide to take the medicine or forgets.

Needs additional drug therapy

This can  happen when a patient need  more medicine to treat the condition.

Drug Therapy

Drug therapy can be explained as a process that is used to treat the  disease. In this treatment, drugs cooperate with the receptors or enzymes in cells to encourage healthy functioning and decrease or cure disease. The process is also known as pharmacotherapy. Pharmacotherapy is the treatment of an illness with the administration of drugs and Basically, it is believed to be a part of the greater category of therapy. Some pharmacists are proficient in pharmacotherapy and are accountable for guaranteeing the harmless, suitable, and economical use of medicines. The services required to function as a pharmacist needs intense information, training and experience in biomedical, pharmaceutical and clinical sciences.

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