What is autism spectrum disorder? causes and treatment.

 

Hello Everyone My Name is Saira and today I'm talking about What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?

 Autism Spectrum 

disorder There is a range of Neurodevelopmental disorders that include delays in the development of many basic skills and functions including social and communicate abilities. Autism spectrum disorder includes conditions such as autism Asperger's syndrome childhood differential disorder and a non-specific form of mass developmental disorder.  

The American Psychiatric Association complains of widespread

 developmental impairment for autism spectrum disorder. The name autism spectrum disorder was changed  in 2013 doctors don't use the term PDDS, the condition now begins in early childhood and lives on in a person's life making it difficult for society to function in the autism spectrum  which is estimated to affect approximately 62.2 million people worldwide . Males are more often diagnosed than females .

 Causes the exact cause of the condition is 

unknown the research suggests that genes can act together with influences from the environment to affect the child's development . There are certain factors that can contribute to a person's risk of developing autism spectrum disorder.

 > A family history of the condition. 

  >  Being male. 

Having certain genetic conditions such as Down syndrome,

fragile X syndrome and Rett syndrome

Having older parents extremely preterm 

babies babies born before 26 weeks of gestation may be at a greater risk other disorders such as tuberous sclerosis.

Symptoms symptoms usually are seen by 

the age of two years children with this condition can display a unique pattern of behavior and severity ranging from mild to disabling people with autism spectrum disorder generally have problems with social communication and interaction and patterns of behavior .

Social communication and interaction symptoms are

 > Having poor eye contact and a lack of facial expression .

>  Failure or 

slowness  to respond to a call  in someone names.

>  Resists cuddling and holding and 

seems to prefer playing alone retreating into his or her own world.

>  D

ifficulty in verbal communication including difficulty in using and understanding language. 

>  Having difficulty 

with nonverbal communication such as interpreting other people's gestures and facial expression.

>  Having difficulty sleeping.

>  Having an aggressive behavior.

> Difficulty expressing emotions or 

feelings and may be unaware of others feelings.

>  Having an unusual tone of voice 

that may sound singsong or robot like.

Patterns of behavior are usually limited 

and repetitive     

> Performs repetitive movements such as rocking 

spinning or hand flapping .  

> Have an over interest or fixating on an object or an activity.

>  Performs activities that can 

cause self harm such as head banging .

> Being more or less sensitive than others 

to sensory input such as light noise.

 > Develop specific routine or rituals and 

becomes disturbed at the slightest change.

> Has food preference such as 

eating only a few foods or refusing food with a certain texture.

  Diagnosis 

There is no specific medical test to 

diagnose the condition to make a diagnosis a specialist may recommend genetic testing to identify a genetic disorder such as fragile X syndrome Down syndrome or Rett syndrome. 

Observe the child and ask the parents or guardians 

how the child's social abilities and behavior have developed over time.

 Give the child tests that cover

> Hearing 

> Speech    

> Language  

> Developmental Level 

> Behavioral issues 

Use and follow the criteria written in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder or DSM published by the American Psychological Association.

 Treatment

There is no cure for this condition but early treatment can make a huge 

difference in the lives of many children the goal of treatment is to improve the ability of the child to function by reducing symptoms and supporting development and learning.

 Treatment 

options include therapy 

> Behavioral and communication therapy.

> Educational therapy. 

> Family therapy . 

> Speech therapy.

> Occupational therapy .

The types of therapy depends on the child's need the core symptoms of autism  cannot be improved with medications 

although medications such as antidepressants can help to control anxiety or Anti-psychotics for severe behavioral problems.

     

                                                     

                                                         .                                     

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Thank You ❤